• 20/06/2022
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Before she could marry, she was awaiting a humiliating "control of virginity".Queen Eliška died 690 years ago<

As one of the few Czech queens, Eliška saw the first light of life directly at Prague Castle, where on 20 January 1292 she was born to the royal couple Wenceslas II.(† 33) and Guta Habsburg († 26).

There is not much known about Eliška's childhood.But whether it was joyful could not be said.She was raised for the church career, so she was very pious throughout her life.When Eliška was five years old, she was died by her mother, "who did not bear the burden of the ceremonial ceremonies in a high degree of pregnancy," says Eliška Přemyslovna: Queen Czech historian Božena Kopičková.With her stepmother Eliška Rejčka († 47), she then bought her rage and displeasure.

In 1305, Tuberculosis was full of weight to Wenceslas, and Eliška became a complete orphan at the age of 13.A year later, the murderer's hand died the only brother Wenceslas III.(† 16), thus the Přemyslids died out of the sword.On Wenceslas' daughters, including Eliška, the burden of the person who took the Czech crown remained.

Throne

Jindřich Korutanský († about70), who was married to Anna Přemyslid († 22), Eliška's older sister, was elected as the Czech King.The hopes that the Czechs in Jindřich inserted proved to be odd.He did not meet the ideals of the good king, the successor of the Přemyslid tradition.Bohemia suffered.The abbot of Zbraslav Konrad of Erfurt († about 81) should have confided in 1309 that the devastation of the kingdom "The head of Švag and Sister Anna falls," Kopičková describes.

"Lazy and incompetent" king.Jindřich Korutanský packed twice from Prague Castle

„Pod tlakem událostí se princezna Eliška v sedmnácti letech rozhodla snad z pocitu povinnosti vůči otcovskému dědictví vyměnit řeholní oděv za královskou korunu a božského ženicha za pozemského,“ líčí historička. Tím se měl stát tehdy teprve 14letý Jan Lucemburský, který byl Elišce „přidělen“ po shodě české šlechty s tehdejším králem Svaté říše římské Jindřichem VII. (†39), Janovým otcem.

"Degrading" experience

Already the first meeting of future spouses brought the inconvenience of the coarse grain.Although Eliška made a great impression on her fiancé and father -in -law, Kopičková describes her as "insight, a high and majestic woman with dark hair and darker face color," however, because of her age, there were concerns about whether she was still a virgin.Moreover, this uncertainty was strengthened by gleeful defamation.

Česká královna Eliška Přemyslovna.Autor: ČTK

"The older age was often associated with the verification of virginity by a choir of respectable Matron, whose imagination is nowadays goose bumps," says the historian."Eliška, wanting to purify himself from false suspicion and bring evidence of her virgin cleanliness, proceeded to this humiliating procedure." For Eliška, it had to be a difficult and hard -to -bite concession, all the more so that it has been brought up for years in strictly spiritual education, so physicalThe fun or loving hug of a loving man was taboo for her.Only then was followed by a wedding in Spyr and a journey to Prague, where Genoa's troops "stood" Jindřich Korutanský.

Twists in life and marriage

Although the marriage volume of John and Eliška did not start the most favorable, even the young newlyweds found appeal.They did not find the home at Prague Castle, where Eliška grew up, but in the palace on the Old Town Square.Eliška lived his life at that time.As older and more experienced, which, unlike Jan, knew Czech, had a significant influence on her husband and formed numerous decisions.

But the idyll couldn't last long.Jan became more and more ambitious, and stopped talking to his decisions.The historian presents the birth of the second daughter of Jitka for the main impact in the moods of the royal spouses."She gave birth to an unwanted daughter instead of the expected heir, which the king gave her bluntly," the historian mentions.The heir to John did only at the birth of Charles IV.(† 62) in 1316.

"Missing King"

Even the so -wanted son did not reverse the marital crisis, when the king and the Queen slowly stopped seeing themselves, began to trust themselves, blame themselves for the evil and did inconvenience during meetings.Kopičková describes the event from 1319, when Jan arrived for Eliška at the castle Loket."He acted like a normal visit, but after entering the castle he demanded the handover of towers," he says.“When it did not happen immediately, he left the guards building to the queen's defense.The royal consort stuck over his behavior in the belief that he had come to reason. ”

Jewel with the steering wheel: This is the first car of Jan Werich!"Hansel, go two hundred," his grandmother encouraged him

K rozmíšce se váže strastiplný dovětek. „Uražená“ královna tehdy z hradu odjela a Janovi nechala v péči jejich tři dcery a jediného syna, tehdy tříletého Karla, o němž se historik Jiří Spěváček v knize Jan Lucemburskýa jeho doba 1296 – 1346 zmiňuje, že byl její „oporou a pýchou.“ Po svém kvapném odchodu už Karla nikdy více neviděla. Nejprve byl v izolaci od matky držen právě na Lokti, než jej Jan poslal na výchovu do Francie. Do Čech se vrátil až po Eliščině smrti.Hrad Loket, kde došlo k definitivní rozmíšce mezi Janem Lucemburským a Eliškou Přemyslovnou. (ilustrační foto)Autor: Profimedia

This episode definitively ended with the "happy" marriage of the king and the queen.“The break with Queen Eliška Přemyslidna had a very negative impact on John's nature.He became irritated, suspicious and ruthless in his actions and for some time sought a way and distraction in a dubious way of life, ”says Spěváček."He was often affected by the remorse that drove in drinks long into the night."

Although three more children were born, it was more of an emergency of Eliška from an emergency or "duty."He brought him a wife with whom he again lived together in the Old Town residence for some time.Unmistakable evidence brought the birth of Jan Jindřich († 53), ”the future Moravian Margrave.

Enthusiastic welcome, sad farewell

The splittles in marriage persisted, for this reason Eliška escaped from Jan's influence from Bohemia."2.January 1325 was overflowing with Prague with the enthusiasm of the spewed population, ”says Kopičková.“After a two -and -a -half -year absence, Czech Queen Eliška returned from Bavaria!The necessary procession, charged with mass euphoria, contributed to the truly triumphant entrance to the metropolis. ”

Cruel murder of a couple for a villa in Bubeneč: They wanted it 20 times cheaper!Witnesses described a stormy relationship

Nedá se hovořit o tom, že by Eliška poslední léta svého života trávila „šťastně.“ Vedle nemocí jí soužil mimo jiné nadále Jan, který o ní v podstatě už vůbec nejevil zájem a více se pohyboval v cizině. V kronikách se můžeme dočíst, že královna v podstatě žila jako vdova, byť ji Jan v korespondenci neustále tituloval jako „nejdobrotivější a nejdražší.“Zbraslavský klášter založil Václav II., který je zde i pohřbený společně se svou dcerou Eliškou Přemyslovnou. Ta se za svého života notně zasloužila o zvelebení kláštera.Autor: ČTK - Jiří Berger

In the last years of her life, Eliška has frantically seized the remains of the saints, the so -called relics.For example, for the Vyšehrad collegiate church, for example, the TRN acquired the Trno Crown of Christ.This passion was inherited from his mother by Charles IV, who was renowned by buying relics.At the same time, Eliška also took care of the elevation and improvement of the monastery in Zbraslav, where the remains of Wenceslas II have been resting, eventually his daughters Eliška Přemyslovna, who last breathed on 28 September 1330 at Vyšehrad in re -separation from her husband.The cause of death was tuberculosis.

"It is not possible to conclude to what extent the king was objectively informed about her condition and prepared for the worst," Kopičková intends.Last time he and his wife were to see briefly in Prague in 1329. "Just as he lived with Eliška remotely, so he remotely said goodbye to her with a memorial in Trident."1331 finally arrived, let Eliška produce a tombstone corresponding to its meaning.It was this tombstone in Zbraslav that the first steps of Charles IV aimed at his own recorded words, when in 1333 he returned from France "home."

Fotogalerie25 fotografiíBusta Elišky Přemyslovny z triforia chrámu sv. VítaAutor: ČTK - Michal Kalina